The spine, like any structure that performs a supporting function, inevitably wears out over time. Large static and dynamic loads and local overloads of the segments of the particularly mobile upper part lead to a decrease in regenerative abilities and gradual degeneration of cartilage and nearby musculo-ligament structures. By the age of 30-35, almost everyone shows signs of cervical osteochondrosis to a greater or lesser degree. And although it is impossible to stop the irreversible process of biological aging, it is quite possible to slow it down.
Diagnosis
For objective assessment of the condition and detection of degenerative-dystrophic changes in the cervical spine, radiation imaging methods are used:
- simple spondylography (X-ray non-contrast examination of frontal, lateral and oblique projections)
- radiography with functional tests
- MSCT (multisleep computed tomography)
- NMR
- Spondylography of the upper spine is a traditional method for radiological diagnosis of cervical osteochondrosis. With its help the condition of the vertebral bodies is assessed, their shape, height, degree of deformation and displacement relative to each other are determined. X-rays show osteophytes, areas of enlightenment in foci of liquefaction of bone tissue.
- Functional test spondylography is a study aimed at identifying signs of movement disorders. X-ray examination is performed with a fixed maximum flexion and extension of the cervical spine.
- MSCT is a progressive alternative to X-rays. Bone structures, intervertebral discs, ligaments, spinal canal and spinal cord are visualized in more detail in multilayer images.
- Magnetic resonance imaging allows additional visualization of the cartilage layer and other soft tissues of the spinal joints. The test is prescribed for severe neurological symptoms to distinguish cervical osteochondrosis from an acute intervertebral hernia.
Treatment of cervical osteochondrosis
Treatment of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine is aimed at eliminating pain and slowing the progression of the pathological process. It is performed in two directions: limiting the impact of adverse factors and suppressing the mechanisms of disease development.
Therapeutic and prophylactic measures that minimize the impact of pathogens include:
- rational selection of work furniture
- use of orthopedic mattresses and pillows
- correction of hearing, vision and posture
- wearing special fixing devices
- restriction of work activities related to long stays in a forced situation
- adequate physical activity
- proper nutrition
There are many different methods of therapeutic correction designed to slow the development of the degenerative process.
Massage for cervical osteochondrosis
Massage procedures aimed at relieving inflammation and eliminating pain are included in the set of mandatory therapeutic measures. The most effective types of neck massage:
- classic
- medical (manual)
- point (acupuncture)
- vacuum (canned)
- hardware
Thanks to the massage techniques, the local blood circulation and lymph are strengthened, the trophism of the tissues is accelerated, the muscle clamps are eliminated, the tension from the neck is relieved, the muscle tone and the elasticity are improved.
Orthopedic collars
Special orthopedic devices (Shants collars) are used to fix the cervical spine in the correct position. Movable structures of various sizes, shapes and degrees of stiffness limit the usual pathological position of the head, control movement in the neck, reduce pressure on the spinal segments, warm and relax tense muscles and prevent further progression of the disease.
The cervical collar for osteochondrosis is available in several modifications:
Soft medical foam splintsor other porous hypoallergenic materials have a slit for the chin and lower surfaces of the neck and fixators. They are used to correct minor disorders in the upper part of the spine, keep the vertebrae in an anatomically correct position and relax the muscles of the shoulder girdle.
Pneumatic (inflatable) collarsare designed to prevent pain, smooth pulling and eliminate compression of the spinal artery.
Semi-rigid bandagesequipped with metal inserts reliably stabilize the intervertebral segments. They significantly limit the range of motion and contribute to the widening of the gaps between the vertebral bodies.
Hard corsets made of strong plasticdesigned for complete immobilization of the cervical spine in a neutral position. It is prescribed in the late stages of the disease, accompanied by compression disorders.
The collar for osteochondrosis of the cervical spine is chosen by the doctor, taking into account age, anatomical features and stage of the degenerative process.
Manual therapy
Manual therapy is aimed at identifying and removing blockages in the motor segments. Topically dosed effect on the spinal joints helps to normalize blood flow and blood supply to the brain, eliminate compression (pinching) and restore the normal functioning of nerve fibers. The specific manipulations of chiropractic allow you to achieve maximum relaxation, eliminate muscle spasms, cervicogenic headaches resulting from damage to the anatomical structures of the neck, and tension headaches.
Acupuncture
Acupuncture, which involves placing acupuncture needles in bioactive points on the neck and shoulders, is focused on restoring the disturbed energy balance. By stimulating the rapid contractions of sensitive nerve fibers and the release of endorphins and neurotransmitters, acupuncture for cervical osteochondrosis has a powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Thanks to this technique, numbness of the hands, dizziness, tinnitus, improves blood flow and optimizes mobility.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy of degenerative pathologies of the spine is aimed at relieving pain and stimulating the recovery process. The greatest therapeutic effect is provided by:
- UFO
- ultrasound treatment
FAQ
How to help during acute pain with osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine?
In case of sudden sharp pain it is necessary to fix the lower back. This will immobilize the spasmodic muscles and shift the load from them. Then, if possible, place the patient on his back, placing a pillow under the bent knees. To reduce the pain, you should take a medicine with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect (NSAIDs). You can also use an ointment or gel based on diclofenac or its analogues or apply a cold compress (not more than 10 minutes). It is very important to remove the stress on the spine and see a doctor as soon as possible.
Is it possible to exercise for lumbar osteochondrosis?
Physical education for lumbar osteochondrosis is not only not prohibited, but also recommended (except for a period of acute pain). However, you must be careful not to allow axial load on the spine and flatly refuse to squat, jump and lift weights. The set of exercises should be chosen by a specialist on an individual basis.